Management Sustainability Plan Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management Sustainability Plan - Coursework ExampleThe paper tells that the water resource problem talked about is over look for which has been in effect(p) by fishermen for quit longer time. According to VLR, fishermen gain been engaging in deep ocean fishing which has led to depletion of big fish to about only 10 percent remaining in the ocean which has raised alarm among the environmentalists. Overfishing has also led to decreased number of fish species available in the sea since they no-longer do leading to their depletion. Most fishermen are motivated to overfishing by the reward they get leading to the earthly concern of the problem. The big population has also contributed to the problem since people need food to keep themselves surviving in undergoing their daily duties. The problems met as a result of declining fish stocks can be addressed through and through guidance and sustainability plans which are favorable to both(prenominal) sides. One of management and sustainab ility plans depart be through seasonal fishing. This result allow fishing for a certain time frame then living fish to breed as they regain population. Most of the problems have been as a result of overfishing and leaving no way of life for various fish species to breed as a result of disturbance. Fish can be condition 4 months to breed without any form of fishing and resuming fishing for 8 months yearly. However, this sustainability plan must start up with community awareness, and they be educated in ensuring they get the essence otherwise it may not work. trice management and sustainability plan is through diversification of sources of incomes and diet. This is possible through having different sources of acquiring income as healthy as food hence minimizing the pressure on one source, which is fishing (Hompson & Jorgensen 31). Creating awareness first will be critical for the success of this plan as fishermen will see the need of diversification through being educated. It m ay be a long term plan but will be fruitful and sustainable to the generations to come since it can be monitored. Building fish ponds can be stabilizing in sustaining if there are resources since it will create another avenue of getting fish encase the community is not willing to change in diet. The above mentioned plans are sustainable and are favoring both environmentalist and the fishermen. Diversification of sources of revenues and source of food can be viewed positively by the environmentalists because it will lessen the pressure put on fishing activities. However, it may not be quickly viewed positively by fishermen being that they have lived on fishing as the only source of income and of food over decades. It may be viewed negatively, but at last it will be good and will be select by both parties. Seasonal fishing will be welcomed by environmentalist and fishermen because the end-result will be overwhelming. It will provide the opportunity to have fish throughout, and the y will increase in population to their advantage. there may be contrast views concerning the use of fish pond as a result of perceive resources to be used, but it is a good, sustainable plan too. Environmentalist can embrace it since it will be man-made and more fish species can be introduced into it. Fishermen too can view it positively since it is man-made fish source with the owner in full regulations without external interference. Various techniques of catching fish have different problems that they bring to the ecosystem. One of the problems as a result of this fishing technique is unbalancing of the food chain, which comes in several ways. The ability of man to do overfishing depletes fish resulting to deficiency of food on sea animals supply on fish. Proper fishing techniques control the balance of food chains since there is the availability of the preys as well as the predators. This technique of fishing also causes poor breeding among fish as a result of disturbances in their breeding grounds. The proposed plan in the community may be affect virtually people in one way or another depending on the time of

Implications of Economics and Policy for Healthcare Professionals Research Paper

Implications of Economics and Policy for healthcare Professionals - Research Paper Examplefollows from the ability of the principles to indicate whether the right investments are being made, leading to the mental home of more health benefits. The principles also alert individuals, and other stakeholders of whatever available alternatives that can be utilise to meet health care needs in a better way.Considering the complex nature of health and health care is important when examining the economic principles related to health care delivery. It allows individuals and institutions to make informed decisions (NSW operation for Clinical Innovation, 2013). Profitable projects get to be implemented at the expense of unprofitable ventures. More to these, the run ensures improved allocation of resources, hence reaping maximum benefits.Learning about health policy leads to numerous benefits. wellness policy enlightens on the various ways that the government uses to help its citizens in feelering health care. The government, for example, extends medical work to people who can hardly afford medical care. These include those living below the poverty line, the elderly, and charge the disabled. much(prenominal) knowledge enables health professionals to serve as educators in the society (Harrington & Estes, 2008). This ensures that more people access better health care, thus highlighting the importance of being conversant with the health policy of any government.Being conversant with the health policy also increases the ability to participate in the policy do process of the government, thus making important changes in health care (Bryant, 2002). This can be do through giving suggestions that can help improve the health conditions in a given country. Such participation ensures that critical issues, which the government cannot address in isolation, get to be solved, leading to a better society.My major question relates to the actions being taken by the government, g iven the ever increasing cost of health care. Health care becomes expensive on a daily basis, thus making it

The rights to language as a civil right Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The beneficiallys to language as a civil right - Essay ExampleOne of the rights provided under civil rights is the right to language. gentlemans gentleman communication would be limited and impaired if language did non exist. Different languages are widely utter because of the different racial, cultural, and national backgrounds of the different groups of people in the country.The rights to language, also known as linguistic gentlemanity rights, allow a person to decide on their own accord what language or languages they take to use as a means of communication, whether publicly or privately. (Moraes 43) Language rights were first recognized as an international human right when they were included in the popular Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. thither is a distinction made between language rights and linguistic human rights. Language rights cover a wider range, and one can argue that all linguistic human rights are language rights, but non all language rights are linguis tic human rights. Language rights are necessary prefatorial human rights to ensure a dignified life, For example, the right of access to an official language. Linguistic human rights are not strictly essential human rights they exist to improve on the basic human and civil basic right to language. They are above basic needs making them accessory rights under language rights (Moraes 47)The right to learn foreign languages is an example of linguistic human rights is. Individual linguistic rights are provided for in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. These are the Individual linguistic rights are applicable privately or publicly. consort to Article 26 contained in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, all people have the right to education with relevance to the language of medium of instruction, for example in the U.S., the Bilingual Education Act (BEA) of 1968 catered to students of check English Speaking Ability (LESA). The Bilingual Act, Title VI of the civil rights Act of 1964, was passed following the complaisant Rights movement that peaked

Lab 4 Infectious Bacterial Identification from DNA Report

4 Infectious Bacterial Identification from DNA - laboratory Report ExampleIt is difficult to identify bacterial pathogens using the common lab processes which include structural methods and biochemical procedures (Reece et al 2012). Bacteria that are difficult to identify yield inconsistent results when analysts use these manual procedures of bacteria identification. However, the DNA sequencing method offers a better solution of identifying divers(prenominal) types of bacteria. This report offers the procedure of identifying Burkholderia cepacia, a bacterium that causes cold in small children.Finally, add 1 cm3 of culture to all the DNA strands from different blood trys that have undergone the above procedures to identify the Burkholderia cepacia bacterium from other similar bacteria that cause cold.Pyrosequencing becomes workable in the DNA of different bacteria that cause cold in children when culture and Carlsbad solution is added to the sample DNA strands because of some ba cterias ability to assume different colors when these solutions used in this analysis are added to them (Luna et al 2007). Therefore, Burkholderia cepacia stands out distinctively as purple which makes it easy to identify its species when considering the divers(a) bacteria that cause cold. DNA sequencing stands out to be the most effective method of identifying the many pathogenic bacteria that

Literacy Project- Emergent Reading Research Paper

Literacy Project- Emergent Reading - Research Paper exampleThis is then able to lead into awareness of phonetics, language, print and words. The quartette-spot blocks not only works with the four levels to reading and piece of writing, but also implements directions that ensure all(prenominal) child is able to work to discover parvenue areas of language while progressing through kindergarten through the third grade. This ensures that each child has a strong root for recognizing, considering and writing what is needed for the language curbing (Sigmon, 1997). The main component that is a part of the four blocks plan is based on the struggles which children often have when going through the first stages of reading and writing. The superpower that is taken to read and write is one of the components that are associated with this, specifically which doesnt allow different styles of estimation processes to be implemented. This has led to the initial stage of scholarship which is to create a desire for each of the children to learn and be a part of the instruction. The rest of the guide is based on combining each of the infallible steps for reading and writing, specifically so each child has the capability of creating a different go up to early literacy. These combined efforts are then able to guide students into a holistic approach to reading how to read and write (Sigmon, 1997). Part 1.2 Differing Stages of Literacy Development The differing stages of literacy ontogeny are devoted to an understanding of the behaviors and cognitive development which a child goes through. Each stage of learning has to coincide with the development of cognition that is approached by each child as well as how these change with the skills created. The literacy development is conducive of the development of oral language, writing and reading. It is known that there are two stages to the development. The first is based on the age of students, specifically which changes the ca pabilities to understand the cognitive associations with reading and writing as well as the value which this carries. The second is based on the learning styles and diverse concepts, specifically which is associated with Gardners eight learning styles. According to constructivist principles, the age and the cognitive vicissitude need to coincide to assist with literacy development. With the constructivist ideologies, there is a sense of engaging children in the concept of learning how to read and write and tapping into different developmental aspects based on cognition to assist children with the learning needful (Many, 2001). Part 1.3 Effective Reading Instruction for Learners from Different Cultural and Linguistic Backgrounds A challenge which is presently in the educational system is based on cultural and linguistic backgrounds which differ. Diverse regions which children come from to side of meat as a second language have developed as a prime result among educators, specifi cally because reading, writing and speaking levels differ among children of the same age and at the same cognizant level. A theory which tackles this topic is transculturation, which allows the diverse concepts to be embraced in the classroom. According to this theory, teachers have the capacity of recognizing the diverse backgrounds, noting the differences in how the languages are used grammatically and how this can be a part of the learning for the rest of the class. The transculturation leads to conference activities and interaction which compares the cultural and ling

Compare Dante (the divine comedy) and Odyssey Essay

Compare Dante (the divine comedy) and Odyssey - Essay ExampleThe ecclesiastic Comedy by Dante and Odyssey by Homer are two such pieces that can be compared. The former is the story of the Christian after sustenance and the journey through the various circles of Heaven and Hell, that stand for the various sins committed in life on Earth. The latter, is the story fo the journey of Odyssey or Ulysses, after the Trojan war, to Ithaca which is his home. integrity of the striking similarities between the two pieces is the form. Both the pieces of Literature are written in the form of an epic Poem. This form is inclusive of journey, heroic acts, tests and sacrifices, teachings and other transitions. The Divine Comedy is an Italian epic poem, while the Odyssey is a Greek one.Both the pieces of literature begin medias res. In other words, they start off in the substance of action or in the mid-life. The Divine Comedy, for instance starts off after the individual has lived his transient life on earth and progresses towards the permanent life in Heaven. The Odyssey, on the other hand, starts of after the Trojan War and describes the ten years of Ulysses journey back to Ithaca. Thus, both start of mid-action.The structure is more or slight similar, on account of the segregation and demarcation of the whole epic poem into different segments. Be it the Inferno, Purgatorio and Paradiso or the twenty-four books of the Odyssey, it is more or less the same.However, there are quite a number of dissimilarities as well. While the form of the epic poetry is similar, the theme varies. While The Divine Comedy deals with the theology of the Christian faith and the elements of medieval belief as kindled

How to Maintain Reciprocity in Intimate Relationships Article

How to Maintain Reciprocity in well-read Relationships - Article eventThis will be enhanced through critical evaluation of scholarly research. Reciprocity in every relationship motivates distributively partners behavior. In every form of union, there exists either substantiating or negative reciprocity. This helps ensure that in society violent reactions delinquent to anger argon minimal. ban reciprocity encourages the violent reactions and even mistreatments while plus reciprocity encourages praiseworthy deeds and humility enabling one to endure hard situations (Vetere et al, 2005). There are different types of reciprocity. It may be one on one relationship between either individuals or g all overnments or institutions. Research conducted by Solomon & Samp (1998) shows that most of them are usually long-term relationships that expect either direct reciprocity. One-to-m both or many-to-one reciprocity is usually experienced in informal ties like bridal showers, and even comm unity comes to winher. There is also generalized reciprocity that happens over a large group of individuals or institutions. Citizens also need to practice reciprocity with their states and communicate any possible conflict in ideas or even complains or gratitude to their rulers. According to Van Lange, & Visser (1999) research, for people to get in any relationship, they experience strong whole steps towards each other. A feeling of lust, liking, and love starts to grow towards each other. Close relations start growing, and with time, they become compassionate and committed into each other. These attractions may be due to their skin color, walking styles, the way they talk, or their thinking. It may also because these two people share beliefs and procedure out common interests. Psychologists argue that love is usually a passionate feeling, both physical and emotional. One gets absolutely absorbed into the other and helps each other realize and understand themselves better by the compliments they get. Intimate relationships are cultivated as strong sexual feelings and feeling of completeness also onset. Passion and dependency on each other also are cultivated. This closeness between individuals results to complex emotions that grow for each other. habituation for emotional support helps ensure of the well-being of each other. Partners offer each other with enthusiasm and positive personal view on their self worth. In his scholarly work, Cole (2001) depicts that the level of intimacy develops in stages. It is not cultivated within hours or one day. The links established with one another shelter the closeness and trust feeling for one another. However, peer relationships that are based on curiosity may tend to be more intimate briefly only for periods of self-discovery. The anxiety to explore on upstart areas may cultivate intimacy but only to encourage accessibility to what they intent to explore on (Vetere et al, 2005). Adult intimate relationships are e xpected to have communications and expression of ones feeling freely. Feelings of gratitude or any other significant feelings both negative and positive can be communicated without barriers. The repartee that one gets may be corrective, encouraging, or even punishing. In case of negative reciprocity the individuals should turn to the community for help on how to resolve the conflict. In an intimate relation, pain infliction is not back up and but rather repairing the harm done should be the main thing. Consoling should

What was the most important cause of European imperial expansion in Essay

What was the most important cause of European imperial enlargement in the 19th blow- was it economics,culture, or politics pick one and write about - Essay interpreterIt was created at an opportune time for British imperialists. The domain was opening up, explorers were gaining ground, and the British crown was claiming to a greater extent and more land. Not only did this new territory have to be social occasionped and surveyed and its inhabitants interviewed and learned about, but the new borders to be imposed would have to help Britain maintain and defend this new territory. An organization that could do all of this would be an organization that would and could become increasingly powerful. While some of the work done by the RGS was in unattackable faith and showed a high level of accuracy and ability, much of it was politically influenced and done at the supporter of political and business interests that were more concerned with profit than geography. Indeed, when a person looks at a map of the globe today and the borders of countries in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, one often wonders, Why a border in that respect? There is no physical or ethnic reason for it to exist there . . . Many of these borders in truth fly in the face of any practical consideration and were created solely for the benefit of others. As much(prenominal) they continue to this day to create conflict and strife around the world. The RGS contributed to the British imperial ethos of the day.By the mid-19th century lots of places in the world, considered for many years as terra incognito were opening up for the first time. Explorers such(prenominal) as Stanley and Livingstone were for the first time making inroads into the interior of Africa. British citizens were present in India and had substantial roles in the various courts there. Britain had significant interests in the Middle East. Britains economy, more than ever before was linked to the worlds. Britain relied on its co lonies and the new lands being discovered for a great deal of its wealthand as such it wanted to keep control not only of these

Computer networks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Computer interlocks - try out ExampleMoreover, cisco devices deliver integration features that will support compatibility and scalability issues with upcoming applications and returnss. For addressing, network security, again lake herring firewalls are implemented to protect the network from viruses, worms and probes. In summary, cisco 3845 integrated service router is implemented for exchanging conversation from the local area network interface to the WAN interface. The router provides productivity, integration and enhanced features along with Cisco 3845 (ISR) Site-to-Site VPN Support, Cisco 3845 (ISR) Remote Access VPN Support, Cisco 3845 (ISR) Network Admission Control support, Cisco 3845 (ISR) Digital Voice auspicate support , Cisco coordinated Communication Support and Unified Survivable Remote Site Telephony (SRST) support. Moreover, entropy switches are also acquired from Cisco named as Cisco Catalyst 3750 that provides enhanced features. Moreover, for wireless network s, Cisco Unified receiving set network featuring Cisco receiving set Control System along with Cisco 4400 Series Wireless LAN Controllers are deployed. Furthermore, the wireless network also supports Cisco Clear air Technology. For remote connectivity and scalability, Cisco service mobility engines are installed. For application support, SOAP and XML Support and Context aware Services are available. In addition, for addressing network security, Cisco ASA 5500 Series Adaptive Security Appliances (For Wired Network), AIP-SSM Intrusion Prevention Module and Wireless Intrusion Prevention System (W IPS) (For Wireless Networks) is operational. Fig 1.1 demonstrates the local area network of an organization on a low-spiriteder floor Figure 1.1 (LOCAL AREA NETWORK) Structure and Cabling The current network is constructed on Star topology that is the most wide adopted topology, as it has many benefits when compared to other topologies. By implementing star topology, network engineers can a dminister and troubleshoot the network more efficiently and effectively. Star topology provides a one stop monitoring screen that demonstrates activities on the local area network. Likewise, the cost of implementing and managing the local area network is comparatively low, as less resources and low network downtime occurs. Moreover, network security is addressed efficiently, as monitoring of each system or service is carried out

Sample exam answers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sample exam answers - Essay ExampleIf steady 1 decides to produce q111 accordingly the expenses will be set at P (q111 + q2). That is, for each bar produced by firm 1, the terms is given by the curve d1 (q2). This is (d1 (q2)) firm 1s residual demand which gives all thinkable combinations of firm 1s measuring and price for a given value of q2.MC=MR. the effrontery that MC is constant is made. The MR curve is given as r1(q2) with twice the slope of d1(q2) and with the same vertical intercept. The particular at MC and MR meets corresponds to quantity q1ii(q2) which is the optimum quantity for firm 1.If firm 2 favors a quantity corresponding to perfect competition, q2=qc whereby P (qc), then the quantity produced by firm 1 would be 0 q1ii(qc)=0. This is where MC=MR corresponding to d1 (qc) as shown in diagram belowGiven the fact that demand is bilinear and the marginal appeal is constant, the function q1ii (q2) is also clear. q1ii (q2) is firm 1s re serve function. Firm 1s r eaction function is the choice taken by firm 1 given an action taken by firm 2. Cournot equilibrium is the point at which firm 1s and firm 2s reaction functions meet given that they have the same cost function. This is shown below starting line degree price discrimination is a situation where the firm is charging a price that the consumer is willing to pay. With premier degree price discrimination, the producer is able to extract the entire surplus from the consumer. With the 1st degree price discrimination, the profit is equal the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplusThe monopoly firm will sell quantity Q* up to the point where the price of the last unit sold just covers the MC of production. The profit of the firm is given by the difference between the price it is charging on each unit and the average cost of producing Q* units of output. The profit is given by area PAMC.1st degree price discrimination is most respectable by single seller offering different prices to diff erent individuals. In this

Evaluate an existing information management system within healthcare Case Study

Evaluate an existing information solicitude strategy within healthcare organization in the Abudhabi hospitals - Case Study ExampleIt is evident from the argument of research scholars that implementation of IMS in hospitals is a pertinent but hotly debated guinea pig. Hence, the researcher has decided to dig deep in this topic by shedding light on existing IMS in hospitals of UK. Description and Functional Evaluation In UK, majority of hospitals are covered under the supervision of National Health Service Estate therefore these hospitals show the common tendency while implementing a new IT application. Puig-Junoy (2000) and Tsai and Molinero (2002) feel pointed out that in some of the cases, hospitals implement a new system in order to decrease the forbearing management cost. However, these researchers have suggested that hospitals should implant those systems which base save money and time of patients and deliver service in profitable manner. E-Prescribing has been selected by the researcher as the IMS to field of view in this paper. Hospitals like Chelsea and Westminster Healthcare NHS Trust has already been implemented the e-Prescribing in order to manage cost of servicing patients (European Commission, 2012). Although e-Prescribing might sound like its the electronic variate of formal prescription but in real scenario its much more than prescribing. E-Prescribing is the modified meter reading of patient management facilities which requires active involvement of stakeholders such as doctors, nurses, patients and many others. Generally hospitals such as Chelsea and Westminster Healthcare NHS use e-Prescribing as packaged software but there examples, where hospitals use customized version of e-Prescribing. Now, the study will try to understand what exactly meant by e-Prescribing. NHS Connecting for Health (NHS CFH) (2009) has defined E-Prescribing as the information management system which is taked in order to facilitate and enhance the communicati on of medicine order or prescription, increase the options for administration of hospitals to provide medicine to patients in accordance with their prescription, creating decision support and audit support system for the hospital to manage medicines used throughout the treatment of patients. In innocent words, objective of e-prescribing is to manage patient information in efficient manner and help the hospital to audit its medicines used per patients. Many of the UK hospitals create the link between e-Prescribing and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in order to help audit particle of the hospital to conduct the cost-benefit analysis of its patient service. Implementation of e-Prescribing system is stepwise process which involves the engagement of heterogeneous clinical stakeholders such as doctors, patient care division in the hospital, Information Management and engine room (IM&T) professionals, senior clinicians, senior managers etc. Specifically, IM&T is responsible for pro viding technical and infrastructural support to e-Prescribing (NHS CFH, 2009). E-Prescribing cannot be viewed as simple automation of manual task function for prescribing medicines rather than it should be viewed as transformative process. For example, using e-Prescribing empowers doctor and nurses can change the traditional prescribing process and indicate the

Research Project Handout Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research Project Handout - canvas ExampleOthers will state it as an innate right, but the thought behind throw indom should be to respect and be constructive to society. The aim of this essay is to address the notion of freedom and how this idea has morphed oer the years. Discussion The foundations of the door of freedom in America, includes an autonomous Congress, Supreme Court, and executive. Thus, America was conceived due to the need to submit freedom in practicable governing and the wider society. Therefore, this facilitation of liberty, along with inventiveness of separates, enabled American founding fathers to enable mint to possess the right to know and the clout to act (Herbert Hoover on the New Deal and emancipation 170). The founding fathers initiative of freedom was built on the belief that men are gifted by their maker with definite unalienable rights, such as right to look and quest of happiness. Thus, the structures and aims of any(prenominal) government shoul d be to safeguard these rights (Congressional Debate on Immigration Restriction 150). Even though America was form from a revolution and a rebellion, opposing a structure of government entrenched in custom plus traditions, the idea of freedom for all had been impregnable. ... d for benevolent safeguard of every person, both manlike and female, in trying to make them self reliant by guaranteeing their civil plus political liberties (128). However, it is abstruse to reconcile the boast of freedom, with the nature of the law that practically, places the kind of servitude with degradation on a large radical of citizens prior to the law (Plessy v. Ferguson 163 U.S. 537). In that case, the dissenting judge, John Marshall Harlan, argued that freedom is the ability not to call in any structure of government on anyone else, but rather every person everywhere mustiness possess the right to decide the system of government they wish for. According to Truman Doctrine deliberated in 1947, in timately every person must decide between alternative lifestyles since humankind is not fixed and the locating quo not sacrosanct (223) Thus, the choice is not often a liberated one. Accordingly, a way of life is pedestal on the will of the mainstream, and is tell apart by gratis institutions, representative regimes, free elections and assurances of individual liberty. Moreover, free people way of life is based on freedom of speech and religious conviction, as well as freedom from political oppression. It is about resisting subjugation coming from armed minorities or any other outside pressures (The Truman Doctrine 223). Even though those pushing for strong power may assay to attain their own account of ecstasy on earth or equality, equality should result in liberty together with the spread of creative dissimilarities. Therefore, as Walter Lippmann stated in his Critique of Containment article, when freedom is substituted with absolute plus concentrated power, it will ultimately e nforce conformity followed by despotism (183). Being free implies not being willing to permit

Analyze a passage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Analyze a transportation - strive ExampleThe reasons provided to support the main idea do enough to justify the insights. Surely, when the element of voluntary treat disappears and it becomes requisite for livelihood, it is an example of forceful subscription or attachment to any(prenominal) work. They are reasonable and relevant in that there is no choice that is left especially when the labourer depends on labour to sustenance. It is true to adduce that this case is prevalent in the world which makes just about anyone who works for a living an enslaved person. The passage is important in guiding the efforts of people and their attributes towards labour. It promotes acceptance since it addresses the fact that humans need to do what they do. It is someways a natural order and something that ought to be embraced in the quest for survival. Generally, the passage communicates important information for any person who engages in an activity and is concerned about

INVESTIGATION OF HUMAN DISEASE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

INVESTIGATION OF HUMAN DISEASE - Essay ExampleAlternatively, a shorted dystrophin gene may be expressed precisely still different from everyday due to an modify molecular weight. Different probes against different parts of the gene, or alternatively gene sequencing, target be exploit to identify the missing parts. Given the almost asymptomatic patients status, likely due to the young age, no histological features are expected in muscle biopsies. Therefore, a molecular, i.e. immuno-histochemical, analysis will be necessary. Indeed, immunofluorescence (IF) analysis for dystrophin can confirm the genotyping. In physiological conditions, laminin is localized around all muscle fibers and it appears as circles/polygonal shapes in muscle cross-sections, while it is absent in virtually all muscle fibers in diseased individuals (with the notability exception of possible revertant fibers). Given the invasive nature of this procedure, the IF analysis, which requires more tissue to be coll ected, will be performed as a second option and only in the presence of positive genetic tests. On examining the genomic DNA it was found that exon 52 was absent. (b) Will splicing of exon 51 to 53 convey a functional shortened dystrophin? Explain and justify your decision by using an illustration and text (20%). The splicing of exon 51 to 53 does not produce a shortened dystrophin, since the two exons excite different codon boundary. The result of the exon 52 deletion, is thus disruption of the genetic code and the premature hold of protein translation. On the contrary, the splicing of exon 51 to 54 would give rise to a shortened but functional form of dystrophin (see diagram below). In the case presented above, the absence of dystrophin expression and the development of DMD is the diagnosis. Scheme of exon boundary extremities in the dystophin region of interest After genetic counselling the parents choose to seek do from a specialist in gene therapy. (c) If you were the gene therapy specialist what kind of therapy would you suggest for the boy. Justify your choice. (20%) I would suggest an exon skipping approach with antisense oligonucleotides (AON) aimed to skip exon 53. The loss of the latter in addition to the immanent loss of exon 52 will likely allow to rescue the expression of an almost normal dystrophin, which lacks only two of the repeated motifs that constitute the central body of the protein. Exon skipping has recently been proven an expeditious therapeutic approach in large animals (dogs) affected by muscular dystrophy (Yokoda, 2011). PART II (50% total) 1) The picture above shows a family with an inherited disorder. All affected individuals are tall and thin, with long fingers and toes. a) What would a genetic counselor be able to tell an affected individual about the mode of hereditary pattern and the serious complications associated with the disorder (10%) The phenotype of the people in the picture is compatible with the diagnosis of t he Marfan. In fact, people with Marfan syndrome tip to be unusually tall, with long, thin fingers. It is inherited as a dominant trait, thus people who confuse inherited one affected gene from either parent will have Marfan syndrome. This may inform the high penetrance of the disease into a group of individuals, likely members of the same family in the pcture. b) Explain the molecular fanny of the condition (15%)

Drug Use Amongst Police Officers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

do medicines Use Amongst Police Officers - Essay ExampleIt also shows that key ca usages of the medicine office that does exist acknowledge job-related stress, unique opportunity, and features of police force culture. The effects of such drug use have negative impacts not ripe on the using officer, but also on colleagues and family.Durkheims paradigm of functionalism is useful in analyzing this phenomenon. It helps explain how a poorly-functioning system can lead to increased police drug use, and a well-functioning system can fall police drug use.Brunet (2003) surveyed a wealth of drug literature published from 1984 to 2002. Most tack that low numbers of officers used illegal drugs. Several studies showed that anywhere from .31% to 20% of tested police officers in departments across the US and Australia used drugs. By comparison, a U.S. Department of Justice survey (2008) found that, man 8.2 % of full-time workers across America are regular drug users, those in protective service occupations, such as police were least likely to be users, with a rate of 3.4%. While the number of officers who use drugs may actually be quite small, the cases the public finds out about often cause awful backlash.Effects of such use are felt by the individual officer, the police department as a whole, and the officers family. The consequences impact public safety, public trust, and the ability of police to assist in the prosecution of criminals. different consequences include the potential for greater corruption, reduced job productivity, and more civil liability for departments. Police officers who use drugs also place their families at greater risk for dysfunction and put their jobs at risk.Durkheims paradigm of functionalism is in effect(p) in understanding drug use amongst police. It also provides insights into why some who are sworn to preserve the law break it in the very worst ways. Durkheim focused on the interactions and interdependence of society. He propose d that a smoothly functioning society had roles for individuals and norms to guide behaviors. When there is equilibrium in the system, individual needs are met and society works. When there is disequilibrium, society and individuals in society can suffer greatly. It is just this situation with drug use amongst police.Causes of Police Officer Drug UseAs with the rest of the population, the causes of drug use amongst police officers are wide and varied. Stress, opportunity, and police culture are cited in many studies as central causes of drug abuse by police.According to Gorta (2008), police in Australia indicated that stress in their work and personal lives sometimes led to drug use. Many officers cited stressful situations such as killing someone in the soak up of duty or chasing someone in a high-speed pursuit as causing unwarranted amounts of stress (Brunet, 2003). Many note that organizational rules, regulations, and procedures are stressors. Shift work and working irregular h ours, as well as

Importance of Educations Essay Example for Free

Importance of Educations EssayEducation is a means for increasing knowledge. A popular aspect is Knowledge is power. Without commandment, the training of the human minds is incomplete. No individual is a human being in the working world until he has been educated in the proper sense. Now Im non saying youre not a human being without training. The mind was made to be trained and without study, a person is incomplete. Without education, man, as it were, is locked up in a windowpaneless room. With education, he finds himself in a room with all its windows open to the outdoors world.In other words, pack who are not educated have less opportunity to do what they want to do. Therefore, education is superstar of the some important processes in todays society. Todays youth are tomorrows t to each oneers. Education is important because it gives a better personal development, brighter future, and commensurate to make inform decisions. We make from the moment we are infants all the way to adulthood. Learning is a incessant process and a breeding long journey. There is no end to learning and it is vital for one to continuously seek to modify ones self.Personal development is continuous and requires one to learn and re-learn in the buff skills and knowledge. Education plays a pivotal part in personal development. Life-long education creates self-awareness and enables you to develop new talents which facilitates employability and improves the quality of life. Personal development is seen by some as a part of higher education and most companies often emphasise on the need for personal development in order to correspond to the ever changing work requirements.Oscar Wilde a popular writer states that you bear never be raiment or overeducated. By empowering our mind, we would be able to positively contribute to society and the well-being of the entire world. excessively that, education gives a brighter future because it is one of the factors that affect j ob positions people hold, their salaries, and further careers. It is an open window to many opportunities in life. One of those opportunities is getting a pricey job which will provide shelter and assurance of a good life.Education can get you into jobs of high take aim with a good recompense package. For most people, salary is a key to ensure that you receive compensation for what you have done. The salary that you will receive by professional job will represent a superior level of income in society. Being in a high profile job will also adjoin your status in the society. People would look up to you and you will gain the respect of others. Moreover, with the additional currency earned one could save for the future. This will lead one to live a luxury life style without worrying on the expenses incurred.In addition, education enables one to make informed decisions. With proper education one is able to evaluate the pros and cons of decision and therefore make rational and sound decisions. This is essential in a working environment where decisions have to be made on an ad hoc basis and it affects others as well. Therefore education plays a vital role in making decisions as it enables him to analyse, evaluate and apologize the decisions that he make. An informed decision is a decision made after learning relevant facts to the highest degree the focus of the decision.For example, a person might make an informed decision to join the politics or not join after researching to find out if the lifestyle, benefits, and travel opportunities are what he wants. The importance of education cannot be measured. Its value is unmatchable. Without it stems ignorance, frustration, anger, and demise. With it, solutions, alternatives, and new ideas can be brought forth to further improve the evolution of mankind. With each generation we are making one step forward. As we learn from our mistakes, we are able to improve the next time around.Without education, improvement and progress would never be achieved. There is no greater enjoyment than using the mind to everyones best advantage. Education makes a man who he is and what he does. It chooses his faith and when he is on the right path, he leaves him on his own, to make his own decisions with his new life with Education. It shows the surrounding people who you are, what you like and what you dont. Education has to be used the right way to be drive out the most of life. Only education can help you in the future, so why abuse it, and take it if you can By Raveena Aina

Wild Scenes Essay Example for Free

Wild Scenes EssayBill rejoices sack out Anecdotes is a thought-provoking, frequently amusing collection of stories from within jazzs inner circles, told by and about some of the genres leading figures. While not a history of jazz, it gives readers some insights to how jazz artists worked, lived, bonded, and coped with an America in which many were still outsiders. The books forty-three chapters (expanded from the original 1990 edition) describe the life jazz medicineians shared, pass insights into a rather exclusive, improper circle of performing artists. The numerous anecdotes are categorized by chapters, host related tales and moving from a general overview of jazz life to anecdotes about individuals, like Louis Arm pie-eyed, Miles Davis, and Benny Goodman. Essentially, Crow creates a context in which jazz musicians lived, and then places individual musicians within it, endowment readers a fall in understanding of how they functioned in this rarified climate. For examp le, the volume opens with Wild Scenes, which Crow says describes how the individuality of jazz musicians combines with the capricious realism in which they try to make a living (Crow 3).The brief chapter sets the stage for the rest of the book, giving glimpses of the unconventional world jazz musicians continueed (which explains to some degree their relationship to society at large). The Word Jazz contains attempts to explain the origins of the genres name, and Inventions offers accounts of how certain innovations occurred (such as Dizzy Gillespies distinctive bent trumpet), giving the reader a sense of history though the work is not an orthodox history per se. galore(postnominal) of the stories contained in Jazz Anecdotes convey the musicians camaraderie and warmth toward all(prenominal) other, as well as each others idiosyncrasies.Others convey how difficult and often arbitrary the jazz lifestyle often was. Hiring and lighting demonstrates how unstable many musicians careers were, rife with disputes over money or dismissals for their personal quirks. (For example, Count Basie fired Lester newborn for refusing to participate in recording sessions occurring on the 13th of any month. ) Managers, Agents, and Bosses offers a glimpse into the seamier underside of jazz, where fraudulent managers and mobsters often trapped jazz performers in unfair contracts or worse.Though jazz musicians appear to inhabit a special world, Crow does not discuss jazz in a social vacuum, fix it to social phenomena like race relations. In Prejudice, the tales take a more serious tone by showing how black jazz artists faced abundant racism, particularly in the South. However, Crow notes that Jazz helped to adopt the erosion of racial prejudice in America . . . because it drew whites and blacks together into a common scram (Crow 148). Jazz artists dealt with racism in various ways Bessie Smith and Billie Holiday stood up to it while Zutty Singleton real it.Meanwhile, even whi te musicians like Stan Smith angered both races whites for performing with blacks, and blacks for intruding on their music (Crow 152). The final chapters focus on individual artists, illustrating the greats personalities. Louis Armstrong emerges as earthy and good-hearted Bessie Smith as strong and willful but ultimately self-destructive Fats Waller is an impish pleasure-seeker given to excellent music but vile business decisions and Benny Goodman as gifted but tight-fisted and controlling.Taken as a whole, Jazz Anecdotes offers a look at jazzs human side, including its foibles, genius, camaraderie, crookedness, and connection to an American society from which it sometimes stood apart. Its known figures are depicted as gifted, devoted artists who enjoyed hedonism, companionship, and particularly independence. If any single thing stands out in this book, it is the latter for the figures in this work, jazz meant creativity and freedom, which they pursued with equal vigor and vitali ty. Crow, Bill. Jazz Anecdotes. New York Oxford University Press, 2005.

Mia philippines Essay Example for Free

Mia philippines EssayThe Philippines was first put on the map by Portuguese adventurer Magellan functional for the Spanish throne on March 16, 1521. The Philippines had become a Spanish habituation and was the first boorish to be named after a sovereign, Phillip II of Spain.1 Spanish rule had continued until 1898 when the Philippines had become an American colony following the Spanish-American War for the stately sum of $20 million. In 1942 during WWII, the Philippines had fallen under Japanese dividing line and was liberated by American and Filipino forces under the leadership of General Douglas MacArthur in a ferociously contested battle that raged on between 1944 and 1945. The Philippines had attained its independence on July 4, 1946, and had a functioning elected system.2 The Philippines Archipelago consisted of 7,100 islands, covering an area of 299,735 square toes kilometers and was slightly larger than Arizona. The capital city of Manila was located on the largest Philippine island of Luzon (see Exhibit 1). The Philippines had a gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of $3,400.3 The perpennyage of the population of the Philippines lifetime below US$2 a day was 45.2 per cent in 2006.4PHILIPPINE BUSINESS surroundingsResearch conducted in 2009 showed that the Philippines was ranked 140th for ease of doing business and 155th for starting a business, by of a total of 178 countries. It took on average 15 procedures and a total of 52 days to make out business startup procedures in the Philippines compared to six procedures and 44.2 days and 5.8 procedures and 13.4 days for the same process in Asia and scheme for Economic Coope symmetryn and Development (OECD) countries, respectively.5 The Philippines had the second lowest savings and investment as share of GDP ratio in Asia6 (see Exhibit 2).PHILIPPINE FISHING INDUSTRYThe Philippines has total territorial waters of 2.2 million square kilometers, of which coastal waters comprise 266,000 square k ilometers and coastal reef area (10 to 20 fathoms deep, where reef fish takes place) comprise 27,000 square kilometers.7In 2003, the Philippines ranked eighth among the top fish-producing countries in the world with its total business of 3.62 million metric tons of fish, crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic plants (including seaweed). The production constituted 2.5 per cent of the total world production of 146.27 million metric tons.8The seek industrys contribution to the countrys GDP was 2.3 per cent and 4.2 per cent, at current and constant prices, respectively. The industry employed a total of 1,614,368 fishing operators nationwide,9 of which the artisanal fisheries sector accounted for 1,371,676.10 Artisanal fishing operations were typically family-based and used smaller craft. There were a total of 469,807 fishing boats in the Philippines, of which 292,180 were non-motorized and 177,627 were motorized.11 search was not only an important source of nutrition, but as fishing did not require landownership or special permits it was an employment of last resort for people who had no other means of subsistence.MIA, DENMARKMIA was established in Denmark in 1975 by wealthy businessman Hagen Nordstrom, who dedicated the NGO to his wife Mia and made fighting privation his lifes work. (MIA stood for beloved in Danish.) MIA had initially focused solely on poverty-alleviating ciphers in Africa and had expand its operations to Latin America and the Caribbean only in the early 1990s.The grandson of Nordstrom, Gillis Nordstrom, had taken over as MIA death chair in 2004 on the eve of the Bander Aceh Tsunami of December 26, 2004, which devastated Southeast Asia and killed as m any(prenominal) as 130,000 people.12 Nordstrom had taken green light and redirected MIA to focus on disaster recovery and poverty alleviation projects in Southeast Asia.MIA had established an touch in Manila in January 2006, and the young Danish development economist Borje Petersen was hired to manage the MIA Philippines office. Petersen was paying a starting salary of $75,000 a year plus housing, slightly below average for a comparable development economist position. Petersen knew that MIAs attention was focused on Indonesia and Malaysia, which had been the hardest hit by the tsunami, and was hot to carve out a position for MIA Philippines by designing an exceptional project.As the expansion into Asia was the front-runner project of MIAs chairman, Petersen felt assured that funding would be easily appropriated and even expedited. Petersen knew that the average oversea posting for a development economist for MIA was two years and had quickly established contact with local and international stakeholders and set up numerous meetings with large development project counterparts such as the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank and the German development aid organization GFZ to get an expedited understanding of the Philippines and its singular needs.Based on the initial r esearch, Petersen had decided that, whereas an agricultural project would be feasible, it would take a pine time to realize and the outcome could be complicated given the Philippines proneness to be hit by typhoons. Petersens research had revealed that small-scale aquaculture projects had been successfully implemented in the Philippines in the past. However, there were hardly any projects to speak of directed at artisanal fishing and picking up on the vested opportunity and his desire to pose fast results and prove himself worthy of the task that MIA and its chairman demanded, he had chosen to design a project helping artisanal fishermen.Petersen had researched the possibility of helping a fishing village close to Manila and the search for the paragon village had come to a successful ending when MIAs driver, Vicente Tubo, had mentioned how some of his distant cousins fished for a animation in a fishing village sevensome to nine hours by car from Manila. A factfinding committee to the village Barangay San Hagon was undertaken and the village was thus chosen as the beneficiary of MIAs pilot project in the Philippines.BARANGAY SAN HAGONBarangay San Hagon boasted 125 households and had a resident population of625. San Hagon lay on the south coast of Luzon, the largest island of the Philippines. The Barangay was the smallest administrative grade in the Philippines and stemmed from the Spanish Barrio.13 Barangay San Hagon was administered by a local government unit (LGU) and consisted of seven Barangay council members and a chairman. The chairman of Barangay San Hagon was Rafael Buenaventura, age 59, who had held office for more than a decade. Fishing villages in the Philippines were very undefended to external risk, especially natural calamities such as typhoons, flooding and fish kills, which severely affected their financial situation.

Measuring and Managing Customer Relationships Essay Example for Free

Measuring and Managing Customer Relationships EssaySome companies have highly school uninflected systems that allow them to estimate these parameters ground on the demographic characteristics of a potential or newly-acquired customer. The analytics serve up guide the companies promotion strategies and campaigns to attract customers with the highest expected spirit value. For example, RBC Financial Group in Canada uses an analytic model of a customers future profitability ground on age, tenure with the bank, get of merchandises and services already used at the bank, and the customers potential to purchase additional products and services, start account balances, and generate fee-based income. 1 The bank assigns a personal account representative to its estimated high lifetime value customers, ensures that their phone calls get picked up quickly, and provides them with ready access to credit at attractive terms. 6-31The pay promoter score is likely to have the greatest pre dictive power for repeat purchases and growth in business-to-customer settings where customers have frequent interactions with companies.The score is likely to have the least predictive power in business-to-business settings where buying decisions are made by highly sophisticated professionals. In this case, it is better to ask, How likely is it that you pass on broaden to purchases products or services from Company X? CASES 6-32The responses below are based on Survival Strategies afterward Cost Cutting, Companies Turn Toward Price Increases, by Timothy Aeppel, The Wall Street Journal (September 18, 2002, p. A1).(a)Jergens president based the price on what he determined to be the cost of producing the order of 10 odd-sized fasteners from scratch. The cost include setup for the odd size and overtime labor. The company actually produced the odd-sized fasteners by producing full-size fasteners and then cut 10. This method was less costly than setting up the equipment to run a smal l batch of the postulate odd size. (b)Goodyear had been rewarding its sales force based on volume, providing an incentive for the sales force to deep force out prices to large distributors.The discounts were so substantial that the large distributors could resell the tires to smaller distributors (even with transportation cost to early(a) regions), reducing Goodyears sales at higher prices to smaller distributors. Goodyear responded by cutting the discounts to large distributors, removing discount approval authority from the sales force and transferring it to a tactical pricing group that determines whether Goodyear can profitably match a competitors prices. Goodyear also modified its sales force bonus stratagem to include a revenue per tire metric.(c)Emerson discovered that customers were willing to pay about 20% more than Emersons initially proposed cost-based price of $2,650 for a new compact sensor. Emerson priced the sensor at $3,150. Note that the expression does not pr ovide information on how Emerson determined product costs that it used as a basis for its markups. A traditional cost system is more likely to undercost a low-volume or customized product because it allocates manufacturing support costs to products based on unit- take aim drivers.An activity-based costing system more accurately assigns costs based on resource usage. (d)Wildeck, a maker of metal guard rails, mezzanines and material lifts for factories and warehouses, promoted packages that included installing its products. The installations supply higher profit than parts catalog sales. Wildeck responded to a competitors lower-priced storage-rack protector by development its own lite version and pricing it much lower than the competitors price.When customers called about buying the lite version, they were informed of the benefits of the original version, and most of these customers bought the original version. An accurate costing system, such as a good activity-based costing system that includes both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing costs of providing goods and services to customers, provides reasonably precise information to managers for making decisions about the mix of products and services to offer to customers and prices to charge in order to generate the desired level of profitability.(e)Union Pacific introduced a minimum price that was higher than a third of its customers paid. The company was not refer if it lost these customers because customers who were paying higher prices would fill up the newly free space. Dropping unprofitable customers will not lead to an immediate increase in profit if the associated capacity-related costs are committed costs and the resources cannot be put to other profitable use.

Making decisions Essay Example for Free

Making decisions screenWritten by Bernard Malamud, The cancel entitle does place a key meaning to the term, the ingrained as it is an inspiring baseball game zippy novel that places a good read. The fountain discusses several(prenominal) character traits as considerably as interesting characters that are found in real demeanor. Therefore, The Natural represents its meaning in much(prenominal) a way that it portrays the native real spiritedness characters of America. Furthermore, The Natural by Bernard Malamud is a work divers(prenominal) from the rest of the literature he has written. The Natural is a title that portrays the natural baseball craze of Ameri female genitalss this is something that is genuinely natural in this literature because the game of baseball places a natural exciting feeling at join the American public. The craze of the game is absolutely natural and thus, the author reflects many characteristics and tosh plots throughout the clean. There fore, this can be one of the reasons why the title term, The Natural would place the same meaning as, the natural. After teaching through Bernard Malamuds novel, The Natural, I also felt that there were mixed natural feelings of loss and advantage associated with the natural life pattern. Malamud highlights on natural traits of mans emotions throughout the novel where we experience heightened honor, sentiency of victory as well as loss. The beginning of the novel is strange hardly the story behind picks up after a span of 15 years where we see the coaches desperately trying to pull in the baseball game slot.At this particular billet, we sense the naturalness displayed in the story by the author when Roy takes a straight hit at his first ball throw that makes Roy seem very natural at his game. By natural here, we mean Roys fluent attempt at his game that makes him the battler of the novel. Though the psychiatrist tries to messes with his mind, a natural instinct is always fo llowed by a sense that shows familiarity as well as fluency with the task that Roy is trying to accomplish. Roy is non a trained baseball fraud and that is the reason why we would state that Roys naturalness in his game is an attribute he has from within.The title, The Natural can also be related to love or infatuation that Roy develops for Memo Paris since his reaching at Knights. Love or infatuation is truly a natural feeling and again, the author maintains the theme of his title that precisely corresponds to the story he is narrating to his audience. Apart from the natural skill of Roy that Bernard Malamud displays in his character, we also coiffe across the natural feeling of love in the story. The Natural truly places an emphasis on its title and the Bernard Malamud knows his choice of the title.The Natural not unless displays the realistic aspects of feelings but also skills that the character in the novel is fluent in. The Natural as stated earlier, also displays severa l characters that show a natural semblance to real life characters. It is evident to fall down across beautiful and wicked women in real life and thus, what we read in The Natural to a fault relates to the natural life. Bernard Malamud discusses the several factors that are associated with the natural aspects of ones life by narrating Roys story.Bernard has been extremely entertaining in providing a perfect baseball story that is of natural interest for its readers and the readers comprise of millions of American baseball fans due to the fact that American baseball is the subject area sport of the country. We further witness how Bernard Malamud tackles the several issues of Roys life naturally where victory is definitely a part of one picture and another(prenominal) picture that Malamud represents at the end of the story is the loss.Nature or Natural has different meanings, of which Bernard Malamud has attempted to cover most of the meanings that moderate been portrayed in the story. Mostly, it is the realism stance of the story that counts in the Bernard Malamuds narration. The stance of growth and advancement, as in real life, is another sanctify of naturalness in Bernard Malamuds text, The Natural. The real natural life also accounts for the good and the painful. We witnessed characters that came from good backgrounds as well as bad backgrounds.Therefore, the realistic naturalism in the novel plays a vital contribution in giving an insight into the title that is The Natural. Overall, the themes that can be found in The Natural placed a natural feeling in the heart of the readers. We saw how victory takes place and how the character in the story, Roy faces defeat as well. We also come across the sense of greed that leads Roy to accepting the bribe that make his team lose. The story serves as a valuable lesson for the readers to take the actions and consequences act into account as for each action, there is a consequence.If the action is good, the consequence is good and if the action is bad, the consequence will also be the same. With regards to the title of the novel, The Natural, I agree with it due to its coinciding incidences with the realism of life. The author successfully draws a sense of naturalness in the entire novel thereby making the title, the perfect match for it. Including the themes of love and infatuation, Bernard Malamud completes his story by highlighting on every aspect of human emotions.Bernard Malamuds style of presenting the story in a realistic manner pertaining to the game of baseball as well as several characters draws a tremendous interest for the readers to look into the realistic factual characters presented by him in the novel. The Natural is a perfect title that applauds victory and sheds light on failure love and infatuation the good and the bad as well as choices. This characteristic feature of the novel makes it distinct and unique, the themes of which are truly natural in every senseLESSON 2 TROY AND ROY COMPARISON Troy and Roy are characters that are identical as well as differ from each other in many ways. Roy had runly been an victor in his life, till the almost end. In case of Troy, we dont see that coming in his life except before he was jailed. Instead, Troys life revolves much around his protest family and his own past and his own emotional drama. Roy had his love and his piece of infatuation, victory, failure as well as growth throughout the story. We see the same happening in Troys case but with a much different note.The only similarity I found through both the characters was their repoint to become a baseball player of which, Roy had achieved a permanent status of a natural baseball player slice Troy had given up on baseball based on his age. However, in Troys case, we didnt see this aim in his life. Yes- he wanted to become a baseball player, he became the best baseball player but never returned back. He lost the opportunity when he was provided wit h one. Roy, however, is wise while making his decisions though at the end of the story, he too loses himself towards greed.That is another part of the story. I agree that both the characters have faced setbacks and triumphs in their own way in their respective stories but they cannot be stated as the blackness and white versions of the same kind of American male. Troy is more of a confused disposition who loses opportunities while Roy is an achiever and the only moment he failed was when he was presented a lofty sum by Judge to lose the game or else, it was clear that Roy would have had led Knights to the path of victory.Troy revolves much around his personal life where he is bear on with his sons, Cory and Lyons with his wife Rose and his girlfriend, Alberta. His brother Gabriel has a small role to play but Troys feelings towards his brother Gabriel where he holds himself responsible for his misfortunes shows Troys naive attitude towards understanding issues. Unlike Roy (whose g ame and success came naturally to him), Troy has an abusive childhood who was abused by his father. Eventually, the same influence and biography was repeated by Troy on his other two sons.There is no change of heart throughout the story. We also sense that though there is a considerable time lapse amongst the lives of Troy and Roy, age didnt deter Roy from playing baseball again while Troy good gave up his game. The other similarity that I can state in both the characters is the sense of good weakness. Troy and Roy are morally weak. Troy cheated on his wife by involving himself with another woman while Roy gives himself in to the bribe by the Judge. Roys character is exhibited less emotionally except when he gnarly himself in love and infatuation.Troys character is more on an emotional stance where he has his life and feelings in dilemma since the beginning. Though, both the characters face their actions and their consequences in their own manner, both the stories end with a b ad note Roy with his failure and Troy with his death. However, Troys daughter, Raynell does seem like an angel in the story. Troy had imaginarily built fences around his relationships wanting to keep death away from those he loved and those he hated as well. He had built his own boundaries and thus, was an unsuccessful father and even an unsuccessful economise (as he cheats on his wife).Roys weakness lies mainly with money and love as he too had a poor childhood and therefore aimed to become a baseball star. Troy is a fifty-three year old man who has built imaginary fences around himself from everyone in his life, including his own wife and therefore cheated on her. Roy, on the other hand, didnt cheat on him and thus, Troy and Roy cannot be regarded as the black and white versions of the same American protagonist displayed by the two authors. Troy and Roy are similar, but in a smaller sense with each other. They come across misfortunes and in the end, have a sad ending to their li ves.Their emotional stance on the events they faced in their lives is different. In both the novel stories, we come across a time lapse that had passed between the characters. Roy, as I believe, is sincere in his motives and is only confused about certain issues in his life. Troy, on the other hand, does not understand the essence of life at all and proceeds with life as it is, without willing to make any changes. Roy, a personality mostly not guided and mistaken, is underestimated though he has had a few bad hits in the baseball game, based on the story.Troy has faced a long hurdle of hardships throughout, especially when he surrender his career as a baseball player after going to the prison. We also witness discrimination, apartheid in August Wilsons play, Fences where Troy is Black and is not promoted for a long time to the position of the device driver based on his skin color. We come across no such issue of discrimination in Roys case but further, Roys foolishness to achieve t he woman he wants. Roy is willing to do anything for her and therefore, blindly accepts what Judge offers and thus, lands in a situation where he is a loser.He could have been jubilant only if he had used his senses in a stronger way while making decisions (and by not letting his emotional part overtake him). Troy, on the other hand, has his life in a in all irreversible state where Troys confidence is completely shattered by the term he spent in prison. Therefore, he couldnt change what already happened in his life and therefore, didnt have sufficient confidence to go back to his previous life. Troy and Roy both differ in a great respect but share only some similarities.

The ghost in Hamlet Essay Example for Free

The ghost in critical point EssayThe weirdie is an essential element to the plot of village, revealing the veritable ca single-valued function of the Kings death and establishing the need for revenge as well as confronting crossroads with a moral dilemma, and is used by Shakespeare to open up several(prenominal) ideas and questions in the play. Shakespeare employs an ambiguous theme done come in the play using an antithesis of ideas which cause suspense, confusion and elusiveness. The complexity of the ghosts temperament allows Shakespeare to introduce many views into the play, which can be seen through both the actions of the hint as well as the effect it has on Hamlet himself. Hamlet is presented with several different ideas in the play, one of them being the true purpose for revenge. There is evidence in the shadows emergence in Act 1 Scene 5 to suggest that he is less shadowed at his own murder then he is at Gertrudes lust, for example the majority of the Ghosts spe ech is or so the incestuous relationship between Gertrude and Claudius. The relationship between Gertrude and Claudius is expound by the Ghost as shameful and it is emotive word choices such as this which Shakespeare uses to convey to the auditory sense the impact that their relationship has had on the Ghost.Another antithesis displayed by Shakespeare is of the characters Claudius and the Ghost. The Ghost contrasts his love of dignity for Gertrude with Claudiuss witchcraft and traitorous gifts, and this comparison between the two shows Hamlets rage at Gertrude who declined upon a wretch whos natural gifts were poor To those of mine. Shakespeare besides uses the comparisons between the Ghost and Claudius to reveal jealousy in the Ghosts emotions.This jealousy supplies evidence for the incident that Gertrudes lust has outraged the Ghost more than his own murder, which is reinforced when the Ghost ends his speech in reference to Gertrude, who he asks Hamlet to leave to paradise A nd to those thorns that in her bosom lodge To prick and sting her, revealing that he wants Gertrude to nourish for her inconstancy. Conversely, the graphic description of the murder given by the Ghost could imply that he is in fact more outraged by his own murder than at Gertrudes lust.Shakespeare describes the murder, going into detail with the effects the poison had on him, causing him to break out most lazer-like, with vile and loathsome crust over his body. besides to the narrative of Gertrudes lust, emotive language such as rankly abused is used to describe the murder. This has a moving effect on Hamlet and the audience, and with the technique of listing and half lines, Shakespeare successfully portrays the Ghosts antagonism of being dispatch by his brother.The effect of this dramatic description, as well as the references to Claudius as serpent that stung him, brings out a negative view of Claudius, revealing Hamlets resentment. The serpent induces connotations of the sto ry of Adam and Eve, corrupted by the glide in the Garden of Eden. Shakespeare uses the snake imagery to present Claudius as an evil doer who has infected the put forward of Denmark through the murder of King Hamlet. The fact that the Ghost orders Hamlet to kill Claudius scarcely to leave Gertrude to enlightenment could mean that the Ghosts anger is predominantly directed at Claudius for murdering him.Furthermore, the vivid images of the Ghosts murder can be seen as a tool used by the Ghost to persuade Hamlet to pass water revenge, covering up his main motive to kill Claudius for marrying Gertrude, which is an act that Hamlet may be less willing to take revenge for. Hamlets immediate reaction to the Ghosts speech may clarify what has affected the Ghost more, as he describes his mother as a most pernicious woman before referring to his uncle as a jocund ill-fated villain, implying that he is appalled views his mothers lust as a more awful crime than his fathers murder.The Ghost orders Hamlet to revenge his foul and most unnatural murder, immediately placing Hamlet with an enormous responsibility which is reiterated once again in Act 3 Scene 4 when the Ghost reminds Hamlet that this visitation Is but to reanimate thy almost blunted purpose. The sheer fact that the Ghost arrives in the play is evidence of Hamlet set(p) in a position where he must take action upon his given responsibility. This absolute essential upon Hamlet is highlighted when Hamlet accepts that it is his duty, vows to disregard everything but the legislation alone and promises to sweep to his revenge.The use of the word commandment introduces Hamlets moral dilemma, as he feels obliged to carry out his fathers desires for revenge. Shakespeare in like manner uses this word to highlight what the Ghost is asking Hamlet to do, as revenge is a sin, referring to a commandment given by God. Shakespeare also uses this compulsion upon Hamlet to represent the code of manliness that Hamlet is ex pected to adhere to. Hamlets exemplar show is his father, whose amour represents the strength and courage Hamlet must attain, and the act of revenge is a chance for Hamlet to prove his masculinity.By telling Hamlet to Let not the royal bed of Denmark be A couch for luxury and damned incest, Shakespeare, referring to Gertrudes lust, implies a male control over females needs to be re-established. The use of imperatives in the Ghosts speech highlights the duty on Hamlet for revenge. In addition to the above, the fact that the Ghost is Hamlets fathers heart instantly places an obligation on Hamlet to defend his fathers prize by killing his uncle in revenge. Family honour was a great responsibility at that time of the play, and as the son of the late King, revenge has shape Hamlets duty.Shakespeares ambiguity and subtlety in the play deliberately leaves open the answer to the question of the Ghosts true nature. honorable at the start of the play, Shakespeare gives the audience reaso n to question the Ghosts credibility through the cynicism of Horatio and Marcellus who try to prevent Hamlet from following the Ghost as they fear it will draw him into madness. Shakespeare reveals an uncertainty about the Ghost through Hamlet by using multiple questions and repeating. Immediately after(prenominal) the first meeting with the Ghost, Hamlets questions what he has seen.The repetition of Remember thee? is ironic as it will be difficult for Hamlet to forget his interaction with the Ghost, but also portrays the conflict that the Ghosts demands have brought on Hamlet, leading to his troubled state of mind. Shakespeare manages to show a hygienic impression of confusion from Hamlet through the use of half lines, enjambment and exclamations in his speech after the first meeting with the Ghost Remember thee? Yes, from the table of my memory Unmixed with baser matter yes, by heaven .Shakespeare also uses the external appearance of the Ghost to emphasise this uncertainty, a s it is described by Hamlet as having a questionable shape. Again Shakespeare employs the theme of dualism when Hamlet questions the Ghost, asking if it brings with it the airs heaven or blasts from stone pit and whether its intentions are wicked or charitable. By starting with a prayer as soon as Hamlet sees the Ghost, Shakespeare portrays a fearful and apprehensive character. Hamlet acknowledges that the Ghost may be a incommode who abuses to damn him.Shakespeare reinforces Hamlets moral dilemma in his decision to carry out the play, from which he hopes to catch the sense of right and wrong of the king. Postponing the revenge until he has confirmed that Claudius is in fact the murderer of his father also proves that Hamlet has doubts about the Ghost and its intentions. When considering the Ghost in the play as a whole, it is reasonable to take the view of the Ghost as not being Old Hamlet, but in fact a goblin damned due to the disastrous effects it has brought on Hamlets life, as well as other characters in the play, including the conflict and deaths of several characters.

Internet and foreign language education Essay Example for Free

Internet and foreign language education EssayA new engine room has surfaced and without delay it has caught the imagination of millions of people on this planet. Surfing through it, the internet has border e genuinelybody eager to explore more of it and to become a real part of it. The effects of this applied science ache permeated both small and large establishments, schools, universities, and even governments. Composed of a collection of computers worldwide commonly machine-accessible via teleph whizz lines, Internets main objective is to shargon information.From early beginning in sixties as a decentralized network connecting some military and academic computers, the number of host computers on the Internet has ballooned much. The World Wide network now forms the most popular part of the Net. With the development of the meshwork, which was prototypical designed for using text links only, further re attractivement into multi-media links resulted with pictures, audio, and video links. This has made the electronic network more popular. Today, fast modems can carry extra large files of graphics and sound linking target resources on the Net.With the ballooning number of websites and Internet users worldwide, educators could benefit much from this. Internet and Foreign Language3 Educators now see the application of the new technology in the field of learning and teaching as very promising. They now scrutinize a wider application of Internet and the Web in language education. The shifting scenes from laboratory-based educational setting, computer-assisted learning is now the fad. From monitored teaching process to interactive computer applications, the tedious and boring process has been replaced by promising results.Good software like CALL helps facilitate the language learning process though others see some degrees of rigidity of the program. Developers of CALL have to moderately go back to remedy the situation. whatsoever type of computer, one ca n access the Net from any place, any time. Within the Internet is a multi-media information trunk called the World Wide Web or WWW or simply the Web. The Web has two systems the Web servers and the Web clients. The former dispenses information while the other receives information. Through the use of Web browser, one receives educational webpages or otherwise.Educators are now reaping benefits from the use of the Internet. Language teachers so far are exploiting the electronic get away to create mutual interaction between and among students and teachers in learning language skills. With such(prenominal) innovation, multinational Internet and Foreign Language4 student participants have been encouraged to develop conference and mental skills from varying heathen backgrounds. A study by Davis and Chang (1994) using electronic mailing system has set up an exploratory pattern as to what could be achieved in using electronic mail at improving the student writing in terms of fluency, us age, and organization.This study has practically defied language and cultural barriers. Knowing the culture is knowing the language. This adage holds true in learning languages preserved in a cultural environment. Accessing information on social, cultural, economic, and geographical data on a particular language increases ones repository for both the learners and teachers. Searching the Net for a specific subject needs fine tuning. One should remember though that a series of meanings having the same subject coming from the original message has replies and replies to replies that follow.And this is how one comes about learning incidentally. This interactive intercourse increases ones learning experience relevant in the area of language teaching or learning. Besides, fellow language teachers offer site listings blue-chip to avid learners. Internet and Foreign Language5 The use of the Net is not always in short order. It is not without fuss, which becomes a challenge to users. Techn ical glitches can spoil ones plan. Similarly, belittled familiarity on computer and Internet use can block ones initiative in pursuing to learn.Another roadblock in implementing such innovation is the cost of maintaining the system, which holds back institutions with little funding. Besides, illegalize may enter the scene when language program becomes offensive or indecent. Despite all odds, this technology will simply flourish as people continue to interact with each other. And with the emergence of a global community that seeks to find a common world language, the burden now rests upon the application of this technology today.Works Cited Davis, B. Chang, Ye Ling (1994/95). Long distance collaboration with on-line conferencing. TESOL Journal, 4(2), 28-31.

Concept-mapping software Essay Example for Free

Concept-mapping softw be EssayIndeed, should it be of necessity or required for students to evaluate, collate and compute data in all work prescription in separate, important machinery to achieve this must be recommended as part of the needed gadget. (Zardoya, 2001). Business researchers atomic number 18 similarly concerned with the question of whether or non the introduction of development technology leads to incr lulld output, excellent evaluation in reasoning and advantageous delimitation of counterparts (Al-Gahtani, 2003).ICT this is an acronyms for Information and Communication and technology, constituting arranging hardwargon and softw atomic number 18 that enhance data resource for enforce in many applications. Internet inclusive with provision of world wide web. (Clark et al. , 2005). That is, we need to shift center on from robotic social occasion of technology. The quest should rather be innovative ways of information technology to massively enhance the gai ns and ease of studies at all levels(p. 4). Overall, CACSR makes provision for students through interaction with the surroundings.This possibly ensure a sustained focus at the same time educating students on skills as they read expository text passages (Kim et al. ,). Studies have shown that educational technology that allow ins dictionary comp sensationnts has been utilize successfully to promote literacy skill development among elementary give didactics students (Fry Gosky, 2007). In analyzing the culture, a researcher suggested that writers with back up soft copy in compact disc read-only memory provides more strategy towards enhancing the problem of elaboration from close by tutor. The soft copy leaves the students independent of the teacher to a greater extent than none (Fry Gosky).QuickSmart is a computer-assisted program objectiveed to improve the self-improving ability of students who are face with challenges of grabbing problem most expecially in their mid-year at school (Graham Bellert, et al. , 2007,). Based on an information analyzing plosive speech sound of intuitive processings, QuickSmart was intended to be a elaborated dealings with attention on the primary encyclopaedism skills needed to do well in assimilating varianceroom instruction. (Graham Bellert, et al). It is a Concept-mapping software, or webbing, in that students are permitted to build up strategic maps with the aid of specific programs (Marchinko, 2004,).Concept-mapping software has been holdd in middle school science classes for example, to cooperate students juxtapose the similarities and differences in plant and animal cells, and in writing class to assistance students brainstorm. Teachers also use concept-mapping software to give a clue or insight in the worry of the lesson (Marchinko,). The KidTools computer programs as also an electronic performer. It is an aiding technique that focus on behavior and academic surgery support software for students with study ing default (Miller Fitzgerald, 2007, p.13). A cognitive-behavioral modification program, KidTools is one of several programs with increased function recorded within the last two decades owing to their efficacy reports over time (Miller Fitzgerald. RockSim is a rise design program for middle school science class, which takes students along the path of technology that enhance the design of their own rockets and simulation performance (Wilson, 2005,). Finally, BodyFun on its own is a computer game that perfectly grow on nutrition and other health awareness (Geiger, et al. , 2002,).In a test of BodyFun among the middle class of school age, the resource and the technical requirements of the schemes is high, in addition to its acceptability among the study environment, it gives a good case (Geiger Petri, et al. ,). Education is feeling pressure to respond to a mandate to improve the engagement-level of classrooms, due to surveys which repeatedly queue middle school students espec ially characterize traditional classes as cold (Taylor Duran, 2006, p. 11). Overall, most classrooms continue to instrument instructional practices.The practice has the main essence of textbooks studying and facts cramming with subsequent commitment to memory (Taylor Duran,). As a result, many researchers have called for a move from the usual teaching to a clearive approach in methods (Taylor Duran, p. 11). In most classes, this entails increasing the students abilities of inquiry, and this can be enhanced through implementation with the most fit instruments (Taylor Duran, p . 11). One teacher reports that her middle school students have become mastery of executing motion-picture show projects and slide shows, this demonstrate they have learnt (Crawford, 2005, p. 2).InFocus projectors produced a difference that was similar to that of darkness and light with improved class sitation and involvement (Crawford, p. 1). Studies have shown that students who use computers to write reports recorded a higher performance compared to those who do not attempt the use of computer (Taylor Duran, 2006, p. 10). One study found that teachers who made regular use of PowerPoint presentations felt more confident in their ability to teach and assist students competence in employ multimedia projection and notwithstanding other similar method of sophisticated knowledge (Taylor Duran, p. 13).Video float is other technology being used in some classrooms (Whitaker, 2003), while some K-12 classrooms are even experimenting with robotics activities to enhance student the convergence of literacy instruction (for example) with Internet technologies is fundamentally reshaping the record of literacy instruction as teachers look to to prepare children for the futures they deserve engagement in lessons (Williams Ma, et al. , 2007, p.201), although most reports on the usefulness of robotics is anecdotal in nature and evidence is still required to demonstrate the effectiveness o f using robotics in achieving study aims (Williams et al. , p. 201). Now, many conceptualize that (Witte, 2007, p. 93). A threaded discussion group is a series of rotations on a subject (Grisham Wolsey, p. 651). The study found that through threaded discussion, student engagement was increased. This was because an environment found more friendly were self created and fits appropriately with other peers.Therefore each of them have equal dominion of the conversation (Grisham Wolsey, p. 649). Though acknowledging that one of the serious drawbacks to the Web is that students often become lost trying to navigate through data smog (Trotter, 2004, p. 1). The MyAccess program is an internet oriented writing scheme that expressly rewards write-up and supplies correct instruction for students at a middle school in Georgia (Ullman, 2006, p. 76).The program was found to not only relieve teachers a good deal of their paper correcting burden, but also to have permitted immediate report even in more concomitant that scores it a preferred quality of writing (Ullman, p. 76). Another project reported in the writings was the creation of a website which supported students and average school teachers drawing out a convergence betwixt science and literature within the limited surroundings (Howes Hamilton, 2003, p. 454). WebQuest is another powerful instrument for teachers to use in improving the engagement level of students in their class (Lipscomb, 2003, p.154). Though relatively new, stakeholders in education are praising its value and facilitate more use (Lipscomb, 2003, p. 153). The important pedagogical purpose of a WebQuest is that it provides substantial experience for students, both with the technology and in the subject matter being explored (Lipscomb, p. 154). More recently, other schools are experimenting with the use of blogs, or web logs, to enhance learning. Witte (2007) pushed for establishment of blog discussion method on the present inter-school network in order to further engage students in learning (p.95). Witte (2007) decided that blogs were an important intermediary among class and students when he found out that, while some students indicated some interest in the point of writing and homework, they were reported, by their parents, to be on the computer writing essays and poems for hours each night (Witte, p. 92). A opening was devised as to why airing was so slow, with explanations centering on methods used by farmers in generating information on discoveries, and how they direct this in helping their appropriate usage (Rogers, p. 14).Diffusion theory can help educators understand why technology is and is not adopted in classrooms (Surry, 1997). Other researchers have adopted the diffusion model to counteract the increasing consciousness about how discovered instructive materials have been rendered fallow (Minishi-Majanja Kiplangat, p. 4). Indeed, Al-Gahtanis (2003) literature review revealed 75 articles in which perceived attributes were measured, with the overall result being that agreement and comparative degree merit attained highest ratings when they were instituted.Complexity was on the other hand negative on its procedural acceptation (p. 59). While determinists can be either utopian or dystopian (Marx, McCluhan and Toffler versus Ellul, Orwell or Luddites), all determinists discipline technology as an independent force out of human control. The equally view technology as the sole engine of social change (Surry, 1997, p. 6). In education, developer-based theory results in top-down technology-based reform initiatives such(prenominal) as Goals 2000, which target the diversity of educational change through proposition of a new establishment with improved hybrid (Surry, p.7). Overall, the instructional development process is of the assumption that technological improved hybrid leave alone suffice the only condition necessary to attract participation of innovative practices. (Surry, p. 7). Adop ter-based theoreticians such as Ernest Burkman are prone to point out situations where a technologically superior innovation was rejected by users because of the qualification of human, interpersonal and social factors. These factors play an importance role in adopting proposed technological superiority (Surry, p. 11).Another byproduct of adopter-based theory is the study of revenge effects, which occur when new establishments, movements and organisms react with real in a real but unforeseen situation (Surry, p. 11). Indeed, prediction and accounting for likely results to be caused by an innovation is an constituent(a) component of many adopter-based diffusion theories (Surry, p. 11). Large scale market forces such as sector growth, capriciousness and concentration of markets have also been of use in acceptance of technology (Park et al. , p. 1480). Subjective norm is another strong construction developed along this line of research.Subjective norm is defined as an someones bel ieve that perhaps exist in contrast to other people. Subjective norm has been shown to potently influence adoption of technology, especially if use is mandatory and not voluntary (Park OBrien, et al. , p. 1480). All of this feeds into instruction through the lens of constructivism, or the belief that learning happens in a deliberate effort to construct a public entity, be it the simplest of task where resources are in abundance or a more complex assignment (Williams Ma, et al. , 2007).In this context, technology is used in education to create a system whereby that enhance study by making and study by design (Williams Ma, et al. ,). Various programs along these lines include efforts to have children design computer games, and promote studying with programmable bricks (Williams et al). Thus, from the constructivist point of view, the availability of computer systems in learning rooms does not attach huge significance as presently being in used (Sheumaker Slate,).Integration of co mputers is deemed successful only when students learn with the computer system and not the reverse (Sheumaker Slate, et al. , p. 3) Finally, reinforcing this model is the bionomic model of technology integration in education. According to this model, technologies are only acting in a social settings, incorporated within the events of learning processes (Kupperman Fishman, 2002,). Through the use of new tools we develop new literacies, and from use or non-use are discovered as being full, subsidiary or un-involving class members (Kupperman Fishman,).Mention of the article actor enlists actor-network theory into these models as well. According to this model, the social globe is materially diverse and consists of a link up chains of animate and inanimate participants who only interact and negotiate for rules imposition through series of deliberations and alliances (Samarawickrema Stacey, 2007). In order to have their way, these various actors may use bargaining, lobbying, subtle computation and at the extreme, violence (Samarawickrema Stacey,).

View on Death Essay Example for Free

View on Death bear witnessVictor Cicirelli filled in the search gap between the areas of gerontology, thanatology, and psychology by conducting a research on the older persons take in on demolition and expiry(p). He published the results of his research in the books entitle previous(a) Adults Views on Death for the readers to be enlightened and to understand how older adults perceptions of final stage affect their end-of- animation decisions. The research gap found from his review of related studies was in the field of thanatology, a branch of learning pertain with final stage and its dimensions, meanings, and associations. His area of research focused on the horizons, feelings, and attitudes of older persons in relation to close. Cicirelli conducted an empirical report card of 109 adults of ages 70 years and older in a community in central Indiana. The population take in was composed of more white people than the Afri send word-American citizens in Indiana. S ixteen of the participants were male and the remaining were women. This classify was further categorized into five age mathematical groups, and by education, socioeconomic status, marital status, employment, and occupational level.He similarly subdivided the white participants into high and low socioeconomic status groups in order to fall upon a group similar in education and occupational level to the African-Americans participating in the study. The goal of the research was to identify the variables that affected their views in death. The first phase of Cicirellis data gathering used validated instruments and valued analytic thinking to relate results to demographic and contextual variables. To get more insights from the older adults, open-ended interviews were conducted.The data analysis using qualitative techniques used to identify research themes and further relate them to the gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status of the sample distribution population. Using a creat ive mix of quantitative interviews with structured response categories as well as open-ended qualitative 32476179_View on Death Page 2 interviews, which allowed the respondents to speak in their protest words, Cicirelli forms a web of data, which strengthens his study and adds coarse flesh to the findings.Cicirelli adapted the available and present scales, or developed whizzs based used in the review of related studies, and quantified the three groups of nonions as the foci of the study. First, apprehension and worry of passing away, is the anxiousness experienced in daily liveness caused by the anticipation of the state in which one is dead (Cicirelli, 2002). Four dimensions utilized this impression aid of the end process, worry of being destroyed, concern of the unknown, and consternation for abundant others.Second, contemplations of the dying process scrutinize matters that a person in the last stages of a terminal illness might have (Cicirelli, 2002), evently the f eelings of dying they would be expecting to experience if they were in the infirmary with terminal crabmeat and had five more days to live. Third, the individual adults connotation of bereavement are primarily cognitive interpretations of objects and events in the environment and occur prior to and serve as stimuli for emotional reactions (Cicirelli, 2002).These hypotheses include 4 multi-item subordinate scales (death as afterlife, as legacy, as extinction, and as motivator). In his first and second major concern in Older Adults Views on Death, Cicirelli found a wide range of attitudes toward precaution of death, including having little fear of death and dying, to having considerable fear. close of the citizens have experienced anxiety and worry near their end. People were also worried about the pain, process, dependence, and the unknown dimension death whitethorn bring. The fear of death is the inescapable work out in life.Most of the populace feared death and the dying proc ess because they were anticipating the end-of-life. As a consequence, it brings anxiety to a person. Another factor that contributed to the two intuitive feelings of Cicirelli was the age variations of the participants. On the contrary, the research 32476179_View on Death Page 3 showed that the fear of death and dying process may hit the highest point in the early 80s and the potential greater chances of the credenza of death in an older person approaches 90 years of age.Unexpectedly, the research participants did not account particular fears of the dying process itself. Many people in this study seem to see death as a quick, painless process, although it is not unusual for these same persons to have knowledge and experience of deaths of close persons whose dying was likely to have been prolonged and painful. The older persons preferred to view the dying process as a metaphor sleep, that leads to a denial of the process itself. Cicirelli also speculated that their refutation is a process older adults may employ in foreseeing death.There appeared to be inadequately existing thought tending(p) to planning and preparations for the dying process itself. Cicirelli deduced his first and second assumptions that the research participants seemed unnaturalistic in regards to death and dying process. However, what was more realistic was their worry of being destroyed and the fear of the considerate others. The notion was reinforced when the research participants said they do not want others with them when they die.Family relationships and close friendships remain meaningful to the end of life, and feelings of closeness to vivacious family members, and the number of family members predate an individual in death seem to be important factors related to older adults views of death. They do not want these important people in their lives to see how they die. He comments that older adults may need to be educated about the dying process so that they develop more realistic plans. The third notion of Cicirelli focused on the meanings of death on older people.The author touched on the meanings of different types of death, much(prenominal) as that caused by war, murder, accidents, catastrophes, assisted suicide, euthanasia, and disease. Open-ended 32476179_View on Death Page 4 interviews and sentence shutting tasks was developed in which personal meanings for death could include (1) death as legacy, (2) as afterlife, (3) as extinction, and (4) as a motivator. All four of these meanings for death were affirmed in varying degrees, and while some differences by age category were found in the strength of the results, the idea of death as relating to an afterlife and coeval life was confirmed.The derivation of personal meanings involved questions about lifespan expectations, what a person would do given more time than expected, whether they would want to live forever given perfect health and freedom from pecuniary pressures, and whether they thought abou t death as it came nearer. Cicirelli construed that most people do not desire boundless life, and death as an afterlife was the most meaningful of the four factors explored in the qualitative instrument he developed. Death as meaning a loss of physical function, loss of personal relationships, and offering step down from lifes troubles were concepts also found to be meaningful.Aside from his major foci in the book, Cicirelli has suggested quite a few areas for future tense research that are compelling religion and peoples attachment to God, and the financial concerns and terminal care. What are extremely clear from Cicirellis Older Adults Views on Death is that older adults perceptions of death, the dying process, and their fears of death are highly variable and influenced by many factors such as human relationships, advanceings in life, and age. The wealth of data the book it provided the readers generated different feelings and thoughts as to death and the valuation of life.Th e personal goals, expectations, and the meaning of the future in the context of Cicirelli became the sources of reactions and sentiments to the timing of death and how to live life to the fullest. 32476179_View on Death Page 5 Fear creates various strings of feelings that were attached to the community. They express fear of pain, fear of sorrowfulness, fear of disease flare-ups, fear of death or disfigurement, fear of different drugs and their side effects afterwards, and other fears that kept on front crawl in the veins. Fear is a normative action in response to lifes ups and downs.It is a component that completes the existence of human beings as a part of the community. In effect, the branches of fear that connects us to one another regardless of the different age groups played a vital role in the views of old people on death. Not only older people are affected by the fear of death and the dying process but also the younger age groups in the community. The awful fear of death c omes to every person and haunts the society until the end-of-life happens. The sudden removal of fear especially the fear of death and the dying process in the research participants was a surprise and created an uncomfortable feeling.People think that fear of death is absent because it rarely shows its true face. It is concealed in the faith an individual hasmay it be a faith in God or a faith in destiny. The fear of death is a normal circumstance in life. Yet, the research participants were not bothered and overpowered by the fear itself flood tide to their lives. The astonishment with the strong faith these people have in the midst of uncertainty, and of the unknown became a blanket of the human nature. On the other hand, what was there to fear about if dying was a normal chance in life? Anxiety is linked with the satisfaction and the perception of life.The thought of death as an requisite event in our existence created a lighter feeling of joy. The fear of death enslaved the mind that can deteriorate the quality of life a person can have. The fear of death is worst than death itself. It molded a restricted world full of worries and tension. The elimination of anxieties due to the fear of death and the dying process gives a light of hope to continue 32476179_View on Death Page 6 living life to the fullest. The positive outlook of the research participants transformed the negative astonishment and uncomfortable emotion into a favorable and joyous feeling.Hence, the good things in life would be more cherished without the interference of sorrow and fear that abridge pleasures and memorable experiences. However, the moment of joy was tainted with a feeling of disappointment regarding the view of death. It arose when the persons view of death became was anchored on the encounters and happenings in life. People sometimes have an chimerical view of death, thinking that whatever happened to a friend or a family member would also happen to them. Some salient asp ects of the context referred to the past experiences potential to affect the attitudes and perceptions towards their own death and dying.The experience may vary from the loss of dignity in death to the inevitable decay of the bodily material that was imprinted on the memory. People come short of realizing that there are numerous causes of deaths. It does not follow and guarantee an individual that what happened to your friend or parent would also happen to you. It is frustrating to know that people compare their own lives with others, even in the process of death. It is not the fear of death that was dreaded but the loss of life and the opportunities that come with it.The book consisted of refreshing ideas that generated the impression of leaving your fears behind and cherishing every moment in your life. eve as a young adult, the book inspired the readers not to be too consumed on the thought of death. There are many things to enjoy and to contemplate about death. Every person has different and unparalleled encounters. Life must not be preempted and expected as how other people experience life incidences. 32476179_View on Death Page 7 It may be that fleeting or sporadic thoughts of dying and death have the power to maximize the value of life.Acceptance of death may be associated with increase meaning and satisfactions with living . To be adamantly discerning on the mortality of persons is to present an unsettling challenge to altogether understand human nature. Thus, the book was not only about death but also the predominant transitory of human nature and their way of life people were too much consumed of repression, comparison, and expectations on death that they failed to understand the human existence.ReferenceCicirelli, V. G. (2002). Older Adults views on death. New York Springer Publishing.